Globalization and International Relations (GIR)

Navigating Indonesia’s Political and Ethnic Unrest: The Ahok Blasphemy Incident Revisited

Ghaziah Nurika Akhni — Wed, 11 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper aims to revisit the infamous blasphemy case involving Jakarta’s governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, known as Ahok, in 2016, which sparked significant political and social unrest in Indonesia. As the first ethnic Chinese and non-Muslim governor of a predominantly Muslim city, Ahok was accused of blasphemy for quoting a verse from the Qur’an during his 2017 election campaign. His remarks, intended to criticize opponents using religious justification against his leadership, were perceived as an insult by Islamist conservatives, leading to massive protests on November 4^th and December 2^nd, 2016, known as the 411 and 212 rallies. These protests initially focused on blasphemy and escalated into broader anti-Chinese sentiments, highlighting Indonesia's recurring ethnic tensions during political transitions. While Indonesia’s flawed democracy has allowed ‘rallies’ and ‘social movements to burgeon in recent decades, this paper explores the political and ethnic dynamics surrounding ethnic and religious rallies from constructionist and circumstantialism lenses. By learning from Ahok’s case, this paper aims to provide the historical context of anti-Chinese sentiments and insights into the position of Chinese Indonesians within Indonesia's political landscape and the underlying causes of such ethnic conflicts, and moving forward, creating more inclusive opportunities for ethnic minorities in Indonesia.

The State and Online Gambling: The Economic Impact of Online Gambling - A Case Study of Indonesia

Hasbi Asyidiqi — Wed, 11 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the social and economic impacts of online gambling in Indonesia, and how this phenomenon affects the nation's sovereignty and stability. Grounded in the Quranic prohibition against gambling, this research highlights that online gambling poses threats not only to individuals but also to society at large and the nation as a whole. Online gambling in Indonesia has reached alarming levels, with promotions spreading across various media, including government and academic websites, and involving public figures in advertising campaigns. The consequences of this practice include outflows of funds to foreign countries, an increase in addiction within society, and negative impacts on the national economy, leading to inflation and a decrease in purchasing power. Through a qualitative case study approach, this research reveals that globalization and the advancement of information technology facilitate the spread of online gambling, which in turn weakens the state's control over this illegal activity. The study also highlights government efforts to address this issue through regulations and website blockades, but significant challenges remain, particularly in controlling the flow of funds and access to cross-border online gambling sites.

The Evolving Role of International Organizations in Maintaining Global Peace: Study Case of ICRC’s Humanitarian Diplomacy

Sayyidul Mubin, Nency Patricia — Wed, 11 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Humanitarian diplomacy is a strategic endeavour aimed at protecting people, particularly in regions affected by conflict-related violence. International organzation such as ICRC becoming more relevant to conduct the operations towards the humanitarian diplomacy. The ICRC has been operating since 1863 and has set up its headquarters around the world to carry out humanitarian missions. This research uses Library Research from books and journals regarding humanitarian diplomacy as a basis for thinking in writing. A qualitative pattern is used to process the findings and data obtained from the results of a literature review of articles, books and journals related to the research topic. This research uses descriptive analysis so that the author will examine the data obtained in the form of news, reports, statements and books. The results of this study is that ICRC's humanitarian diplomacy bring the vigorous role in international relations. In the mid 20^th ICRC begin it’s journey to create the link and connection to partnership with other actors to maintain the humanitarian operations. The collaboration itself is a solid prove of how NGO should be able to obtain the goals of operation and also tackling the fianncial issue. Advocacy through the other actors that involve in the armed conflict zone also become the big impact on how the ICRC operation change throgout the years.

Keywords: Humanitarian Diplomacy, ICRC, International Organization

The Analysis of Gojek's Expansion Strategy to Vietnam in 2018-2022

Hasbi Asyidiqi, Liza Auvia Utami Baiq, Zulhandayani Rizki Kurnia — Wed, 11 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The modern economy places the issue of the digital economy as one of the important issues for the world's countries. Indonesia is one of the countries that is quite ambitious about its digital economy. This is evidenced by Indonesia's position as the country with the fifth startup contributor in the world, with a total number of startup contributions of 2,482 startups. According to research, 10 Indonesian startups have successfully gone global. The company that successfully expanded with the first position was Gojek. Gojek is one of the start-ups engaged in digital transportation services. Gojek was founded in 2010. thanks to its innovation, Gojek has attracted the attention of many investors so that it can become one of the unicorn companies in 2019. Although it has strength in terms of investment and innovation offered, in Indonesia Gojek has received a lot of public rejection because it is considered to interfere with Indonesia's traditional public transportation services. Despite receiving a lot of rejection in its domestic territory. However, Gojek bravely made efforts to expand to several ASEAN countries in 2018. Based on this, the author is interested in seeing how the expansion strategy chosen by Gojek in its inaugural expansion, through Uppsala-style internationalization analysis and the theory of society centered based approach, the author found that Gojek made gradual expansion efforts and Gojek's development competed with Indonesia's traditional transportation services. This research uses a qualitative approach that is descriptive analytical. The data and information were obtained through books, journals, government websites, reports and online articles.

GASTRODIPLOMACY AS AN AGROTOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY (CASE STUDY: KALIANGKRIK COFFEE, MAGELANG)

Thu, 03 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research explores how gastrodiplomacy can serve as a strategic tool to develop agro-tourism, focusing on the case of Kaliangkrik coffee in Magelang, Indonesia. The study examines the roles of various stakeholders, including local governments, coffee producers, and entrepreneurs, in promoting Kaliangkrik coffee. Through interviews, participant observations, and document analysis, this case study identifies the challenges faced by local actors in aligning their efforts with national tourism strategies. The findings suggest that while enthusiasm for gastrodiplomacy is high among local stakeholders, challenges such as limited resources, lack of coordination between local and national levels, and insufficient international exposure hinder the full realization of its potential. Despite these challenges, the study highlights significant opportunities for Kaliangkrik coffee to leverage its sustainable farming practices to appeal to international markets. The research concludes that stronger collaboration between local and national authorities, along with targeted investments in gastrodiplomacy initiatives, is necessary to elevate Kaliangkrik coffee and support rural development through agro-tourism.