Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia

Morphology Profile, Anatomy and Phytochemistry of Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica)

Sumi Wijaya — 2023-12-30

Beluntas (Pluchea indica), is one of species in Asteraceae family, traditionally used to increase appetite, to treat indigestion, rheumatism and body odor problems. This study aims to provide morphological and anatomical profiles of Beluntas leaves which are often used in medicine, to determine the chemical content of Beluntas leaves using phytochemical screening tests and thin layer chromatografic profiles, and also to determine flavonoids, polyphenols and alkaloids contents. The observation results showed Beluntas leaves are an oval leaf shape with pinnate leaf reinforcement. Anatomical observation of the leaves, found that the leaf type is equifacial with collateral vascular bundles, the presence of non glandulair multicellular trichomes with constricted in the cross wall, papillae and glandular Compositae trichomes. Tube method results and thin layer chromatography profiles showed Beluntas leaves contained polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and essential oils. The chromatogram profile with infrared spectrophotometry shows the wave numbers in the fingerprint region 1515 – 1516, 1259 – 1260, 1159 – 1162, 1112 – 1115, 1046 – 1048, 811 – 812, 505 – 506 and 452 – 454 cm-1. The total amounts of polyphenols, flavonoid and alkaloid contained in Beluntas leaves were 3.1 - 7.7% w/w, 0.5 - 1.2% w/w and 0.03 – 0.08% w/w, respectively.

Penggunaan Jamu pada Kasus Covid-19 Gejala Ringan di Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional di Jakarta (Studi Pendahuluan)

Lucie Widowati — 2023-12-30

Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic situation, herbal medicine is quite widely used by people. Objective: to assess the description of the handling of mild cases of COVID-19 clients using herbal ingredients, which was carried out at a Traditional Health Care Center in Jakarta. Method: Descriptive research with retrospective case study design on mild COVID-19 cases using or being treated with traditional Indonesian herbal medicine, using secondary data from medical records from 30 COVID-19 clients who had COVID-19 status based on PCR examination. Results: There were 7 types of herbs given either as a single herb or a combination of them. Most of the ingredients used were sambiloto capsules and Jamu B concoction. After drinking the potions, 21 clients were symptom free on day 14, 2 clients were symptom free on days 5 and 7 and were noted to have a habit of drinking jamu for physical fitness. Cumulatively, all clients were symptom free on day 23 with stable condition in 8 clients (26.7%) and 22 clients (73.3%) stated that they were getting lighter. The most cases of transmission of COVID-19 to people around them were 5 clients who infected 5 people. All infected people have mild/asymptomatic COVID-19. Conclusion: Herbal medicine has the potential to be used for COVID-19 clients with mild/asymptomatic complaints, and the habit of drinking herbal concoctions for fitness can shorten the day of symptom relief compared to those who do not drink herbal medicine before getting sick.

Cytotoxicity and Selectivity of Simpur Air (Dillenia suffruticosa) Wood Bark Fractions Against Cancer Cells

Masriani Masriani — 2023-12-30

Liver, colon, and cervical cancer are the top three types of cancer which rank in the top five worldwide in terms of incidence and mortality. Simpur air (Dillenia suffruticosa)plant has traditionally been used for the treatment of various diseases, one of which is cancer. This study aims to prove cytotoxic effect and selectivity of simpur air wood bark fractions against liver HepG2, colon WiDr, and cervical HeLa cancer cells. Simpur air wood bark is macerated using 96% methanol. The methanolic crude extract was fractionated with the liquid-liquid partition method using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Cytotoxicity test using MTT assay method. The result showed that the methanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanol fraction in liver HepG2 cancer cells had IC₅₀ values 179,32±13,55; 85,14±8,58; 140,08±22,63; >500 µg/mL and in colon WiDr cancer cells had IC₅₀values 133,02±27,64; 41,54±37,58; 124,76±17,22; >500 µg/mL. Meanwhile, all fractions had IC₅₀values >500 µg/mL in HeLa cervical cancer cells. These data indicate that the n-hexane fraction in WiDr cells is potentially cytotoxic and selective with a selectivity index value greater than 3. Thus, simpur air wood bark has the potential to be developed as an anticancer drug candidate.

Medicinal Plants used for Antihypercholesterolemia in Ethnic Groups of Celebes Island, Indonesia

Nuning Rahmawati — 2023-12-30

This study aimed to identify the utilization of medicinal plants used by selected traditional healers who met inclusion criteria to treat high cholesterol levels in ethnic groups of Celebes Island, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and sample collection. This study revealed 67 concoction information and identified the use of 48 plant species distributed in 32 families among 39 healers in 20 ethnic groups in Celebes Island. Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth (UV=0.21), lamiaceae (15.63%), and leaves (57.35%) were determined as the most prominent species, family, and plant part used. The most widely prescribed rule of use is internal administration (94.03%) with a frequency of 3x1 per day (44.78%) for a week to a month (56.72%). However, conservation efforts need to be initiated immediately since more than 50% of healers made no cultivation efforts

Ekstraksi, Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Rumput Kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotszch)

Gino Cepeda — 2023-12-30

Tumbuhan obat memiliki kapasitas memproduksi senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Rumput kebar merupakan tumbuhan obat yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan stamina dan fertilitas kaum wanita, obat sariawan, menghilangkan demam, rasa nyeri tulang, dan obat malaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi dan mengidentifikasi senyawa penyusun ekstrak etanol daun rumput kebar serta potensinya sebagai sumber komponen bioaktif dalam industry biofarmasi. Ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif daun rumput kebar dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol pada suhu ruang. Penentuan terhadap karakteristik ekstrak dilakukan terhadap rendemen, warna dan konsistensi ekstrak. Pengujian senyawa penyusun ekstrak dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengujian kualitatif dilakukan terhadap kelompok senyawa fenol, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan alkaloid dan kuantitatif sedangkan sedangkan pengujian kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun rumput kebar memiliki rendemen sebesar 7,03%, warna hijau gelap dengan konsistensi ekstrak pasta berminyak. Pengujian kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak rumput kebar positif mengandung fenol, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan alkaloid. Hasil pengujian kuantitatif senyawa penyusun ekstrak menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tersusun dari 16 jenis senyawa

Kajian Empiris dan Etnofarmasi Tumbuhan Hutan Berkhasiat Obat Asal Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan Karangasem Bali sebagai Antinyeri dan Antiinflamasi

Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Nita — 2023-12-30

Etnofarmasi adalah multidisiplin ilmu yang menghubungkan ilmu kefarmasian dengan adat budaya masyarakat yang terdiri dari obat dan cara menggunakan bahan alam untuk pengobatan berdasarkan ciri khas komunitas etnik suatu daerah di Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan Karangasem pada pengobatan nyeri dan inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan tanaman obat beserta bagian tanaman, cara pengolahan, cara penggunaannya yang digunakan dalam pengobatan nyeri dan inflamasi serta mengetahui indeks kegunaan (use value) dan fidelity level (FL) tanaman hasil studi etnofarmasi dan mengetahui potensi tanaman lain yang ada di Hutan Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan Karangasem. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei/observational dan pemilihan responden secara snowball sampling, yaitu mencari responden yang dianggap memiliki pengetahuan mengenai pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian kualitatif digunakan dengan metode wawancara dan penyajian data dan untuk kuantitatif dengan indeks kegunaan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan variabel mandiri, yaitu studi etnofarmasi sebagai pengobatan nyeri dan inflamasi di Hutan Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan Karangasem. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung, yaitu mengamati, mendengar, mencatat dan mempelajari dari narasumber. Perhitungan hasil dilakukan dengan rumus Use value (UV) dan Fidelity Level (FL). Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang telah dilakukan dengan kedua narasumber yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan hasil wawancara 12 jenis tanaman obat yang digunakan oleh narasumber sebagai pengobatan nyeri dan inflamasi. Terdapat 26 jenis tanaman obat yang berasal dari hutan desa adat yang tidak digunakan oleh narasumber dalam pengobatan namun tanaman tersebut memiliki khasiat dalam pengobatan nyeri dan inflamasi. Tanaman tersebut berasal dari Hutan Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan Karangasem serta berasal dari sekitar lingkungan pekarangan dari narasumber.

Optimasi Formula Nanohydrogel Icariin Sebagai Afrodisiak.

Tatang Tajudin — 2023-12-30

Decreased sexual desire is a type of sexual dysfunction that is common in men. Sexual dysfunction can be controlled by using herbs that have activity as aphrodisiacs. Many herbs are efficacious as aphrodisiacs, one of which is the icariin compound from the epimedium plant. However, the use of oral drugs must go through absorption and distribution processes to cause pharmacological effects, besides that the first pass effect that occurs in the liver reduces the bioavailability of the drug. This study aims to optimize the icariin nanohydrogel formula for use as a topical aphrodisiac, preparation characteristics, and the effect of nanohydrogel on the diffusion of icariin compounds. Formula optimization was carried out using the Simplex Latice Design (SLD) method with variations of carbopol, HPMC and TEA. Quantitative data analysis of aphrodisiac activity was analyzed by One Sample T-Test. The optimal formulation is obtained at a ratio of 1.415 (carbopol) : 2.168 (HPMC) : 1.208 (TEA), resulting in a clear, cucumber fish oil-scented preparation that is stable, with a viscosity of 19753.3 cps and an adhesive force of 0.387 seconds, pH 6.1, as well as a spreading power with a diameter of 5.56 cm. The hedonic test conducted on 4 formulas with the addition of fragrance shows that formula 3 is preferred by the respondents, followed by formula 4, formula 2, and formula 1. The cumulative amount of the penetrated preparation is 0,174 µg/cm2 at 10 minutes, 0,283 µg/cm2 at 15 minutes, 0,398 µg/cm2 at 30 minutes, 0,498 µg/cm2 at 60 minutes, and 0,603 µg/cm2 at 120 minutes.