Pengaruh Ekstrak Jintan Hitam Terhadap Berat Badan dan Jalur NF-κB Tikus Wistar dengan Mukositis Oral Akibat Cisplatin: Studi in Vivo – in Silico

Abstract

Cisplatin-induced oral mucositis involves oxidative stress and inflammatory pathway activation that
contribute to weight loss. Nigella sativa contains thymoquinone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties, yet integrative evidence linking in vivo effects and in silico molecular affinity remains limited.
Standard in vivo therapy commonly uses N-acetylcysteine (NAC). This study evaluated the effect of Nigella
sativa extract on body weight changes and the NF-κB inflammatory pathway in Wistar rats with cisplatininduced
oral mucositis using in vivo and in silico approaches.Thirty rats were divided into five groups: negative
control, Nigella sativa at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgBW, and NAC 100 mg/kgBW as positive control. Body weight
was measured before and after induction and analyzed using Repeated ANOVA. Molecular docking of
thymoquinone and NAC to NF-κB was conducted for in silico analysis. A significant difference was observed
between pre- and post-treatment body weight (F=143.399; p<0.001). Mean weight decreased from 247.30 g to
216.83 g (−30.47 g). The control group showed the greatest loss (−53.84 g), while the 125 mg/kgBW dose
provided the best protection (−20.33 g). Thymoquinone demonstrated stronger binding af????inity (−5.2
kcal/mol) than NAC (−4.2 kcal/mol). Nigella sativa, particularly at 125 mg/kgBW, effectively reduced weight
loss and may suppress NF-κB activation.

Keywords: Cisplatin, Mucositis Oral, NF-κB, Nigella Sativa, Thymoquinone.